PoplarV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 003633

Extensive functional diversification of the Populus glutathione S-transferase supergene family.

Identifieur interne : 003633 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 003632; suivant : 003634

Extensive functional diversification of the Populus glutathione S-transferase supergene family.

Auteurs : Ting Lan [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhi-Ling Yang ; Xue Yang ; Yan-Jing Liu ; Xiao-Ru Wang ; Qing-Yin Zeng

Source :

The Plant cell [ 1532-298X ] ; 2009.

RBID : pubmed:19996377

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Cloning, Molecular (MeSH), DNA, Plant (genetics), Evolution, Molecular (MeSH), Gene Expression Regulation, Plant (MeSH), Genes, Duplicate (MeSH), Genes, Plant (MeSH), Glutathione Transferase (genetics), Models, Molecular (MeSH), Multigene Family (MeSH), Phylogeny (MeSH), Plant Proteins (genetics), Populus (enzymology), Populus (genetics), Sequence Alignment (MeSH), Sequence Analysis, Protein (MeSH), Stress, Physiological (MeSH), Substrate Specificity (MeSH).
MESH :
- chemical , genetics : DNA, Plant, Glutathione Transferase, Plant Proteins.
- enzymology : Populus.
- genetics : Populus.
- Cloning, Molecular, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Genes, Duplicate, Genes, Plant, Models, Molecular, Multigene Family, Phylogeny, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, Protein, Stress, Physiological, Substrate Specificity.

Abstract

Identifying how genes and their functions evolve after duplication is central to understanding gene family radiation. In this study, we systematically examined the functional diversification of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family in Populus trichocarpa by integrating phylogeny, expression, substrate specificity, and enzyme kinetic data. GSTs are ubiquitous proteins in plants that play important roles in stress tolerance and detoxification metabolism. Genome annotation identified 81 GST genes in Populus that were divided into eight classes with distinct divergence in their evolutionary rate, gene structure, expression responses to abiotic stressors, and enzymatic properties of encoded proteins. In addition, when all the functional parameters were examined, clear divergence was observed within tandem clusters and between paralogous gene pairs, suggesting that subfunctionalization has taken place among duplicate genes. The two domains of GST proteins appear to have evolved under differential selective pressures. The C-terminal domain seems to have been subject to more relaxed functional constraints or divergent directional selection, which may have allowed rapid changes in substrate specificity, affinity, and activity, while maintaining the primary function of the enzyme. Our findings shed light on mechanisms that facilitate the retention of duplicate genes, which can result in a large gene family with a broad substrate spectrum and a wide range of reactivity toward different substrates.

DOI: 10.1105/tpc.109.070219
PubMed: 19996377
PubMed Central: PMC2814494

Affiliations:

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Le document en format XML

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<term>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant (MeSH)</term>
<term>Genes, Duplicate (MeSH)</term>
<term>Genes, Plant (MeSH)</term>
<term>Glutathione Transferase (genetics)</term>
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<term>Populus (enzymology)</term>
<term>Populus (genetics)</term>
<term>Sequence Alignment (MeSH)</term>
<term>Sequence Analysis, Protein (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Substrate Specificity (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Alignement de séquences (MeSH)</term>
<term>Analyse de séquence de protéine (MeSH)</term>
<term>Clonage moléculaire (MeSH)</term>
<term>Famille multigénique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Glutathione transferase (génétique)</term>
<term>Gènes de plante (MeSH)</term>
<term>Gènes dupliqués (MeSH)</term>
<term>Modèles moléculaires (MeSH)</term>
<term>Phylogenèse (MeSH)</term>
<term>Populus (enzymologie)</term>
<term>Populus (génétique)</term>
<term>Protéines végétales (génétique)</term>
<term>Régulation de l'expression des gènes végétaux (MeSH)</term>
<term>Spécificité du substrat (MeSH)</term>
<term>Stress physiologique (MeSH)</term>
<term>Évolution moléculaire (MeSH)</term>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Identifying how genes and their functions evolve after duplication is central to understanding gene family radiation. In this study, we systematically examined the functional diversification of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene family in Populus trichocarpa by integrating phylogeny, expression, substrate specificity, and enzyme kinetic data. GSTs are ubiquitous proteins in plants that play important roles in stress tolerance and detoxification metabolism. Genome annotation identified 81 GST genes in Populus that were divided into eight classes with distinct divergence in their evolutionary rate, gene structure, expression responses to abiotic stressors, and enzymatic properties of encoded proteins. In addition, when all the functional parameters were examined, clear divergence was observed within tandem clusters and between paralogous gene pairs, suggesting that subfunctionalization has taken place among duplicate genes. The two domains of GST proteins appear to have evolved under differential selective pressures. The C-terminal domain seems to have been subject to more relaxed functional constraints or divergent directional selection, which may have allowed rapid changes in substrate specificity, affinity, and activity, while maintaining the primary function of the enzyme. Our findings shed light on mechanisms that facilitate the retention of duplicate genes, which can result in a large gene family with a broad substrate spectrum and a wide range of reactivity toward different substrates.</div>
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Extensive functional diversification of the Populus glutathione S-transferase supergene family.

Extensive functional diversification of the Populus glutathione S-transferase supergene family.

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